1. 1. . D’Zurilla ↑

1. 1. . Nezzo ↑

1. 1. . Bermaner and Duglass ↑

1. 1. . Cooper and Marshall ↑

1. 1. . Govaerts and Gregoire ↑

1. 1. . Internal Stressor ↑

1. 1. . External Stressor ↑

1. 1. . Lu ↑

1. 1. . Autonomic Nervous System ↑

1. 1. . Sympathetic ↑

1. 1. . Parsympathetic ↑

1. 1. . Peiffer, V ↑

1. 1. . Hans selye ↑

1. 1. . General adaptation syndrome ↑

1. 1. . Alarm ↑

1. 1. . Shock ↑

1. 1. . Anti-shock ↑

1. 1. . Loo, P, and Loo, H ↑

1. 1. . Resistance ↑

1. 1. . Exhaustion ↑

1. 1. . Academic stress ↑

1. 1. . Positive activating emotions ↑

1. 1. . Positive deactivating emotions ↑

1. 1. . Negative activating emotions ↑

1. 1. . Negative deactivating emotions ↑

1. 1. . Test anxiety ↑

1. 1. .Zeidner ↑

1. 1. . Goetz ↑

1. 1. . Attribution-based emotion ↑

1. 1. . Achievement ↑

1. 1. . Weiner ↑

1. 1. . Subjective well-being ↑

1. 1. . Diener ↑

1. 1. . Ekman and Davidson ↑

1. 1. . Andersen and Guerrero ↑

1. 1. . Meyer and Turner ↑

1. 1. . Astleitner ↑

1. 1. . King ↑

1. 1. . Muris ↑

1. 1. . Gadzella ↑

1. 1. . Balogla ↑

1. 1. . Frustrations ↑

1. 1. . Conflicts ↑

1. 1. . Pressures ↑

1. 1. . Changes ↑

1. 1. . Self-imposed ↑

1. 1. . Pekrun ↑

1. 1. . Goetz, Pekrun, Hall and Haag ↑

1. 1. . Weiner ↑

1. 1. . Turner and Schallert ↑

1. 1. . Heckhausen and Schulz, ↑

1. 1. . Self-efficacy ↑

1. 1. . Klassen ↑

1. 1. . Bandora ↑

1. 1. . Benight ↑

1. 1. . Beas ↑

1. 1. . Salanova ↑

1. 1. . reciprocal determinism ↑

1. 1. . behavioral influences ↑

1. 1. . cognitive influences ↑

1. 1. . environmental influences ↑

1. 1. . Locke ↑

1. 1. . Bandora ↑

1. 1. . Benight ↑

1. 1. . Adams ↑

1. 1. . Beyer ↑

1. 1. . Locke and Latham ↑

1. 1. . Analytic thinking ↑

1. 1. . Proximity ↑

1. 1. . Specificity ↑

1. 1. . Difficulty ↑

1. 1. . Level ↑

1. 1. . Generality ↑

1. 1. . Strehgth ↑

1. 1. . performance accomplishments ↑

1. 1. . vicarious experience ↑

1. 1. . verbal persuasion ↑

1. 1. . physiological states ↑

1. 1. . Botvin ↑

1. 1. . World Health Organization (WHO) ↑

1. 1. . UNICEF ↑

1. 1. . Rosenthal ↑

1. 1. . Zimmerman ↑

1. 1. . Pintrich ↑

1. 1. . Schunk ↑

1. 1. . Woolfolk ↑

1. 1. . Hergenhahn ↑

1. 1. . Olson ↑

1. 1. . Slavin ↑

1. 1. . Santrock ↑

1. 1. . Active Learning ↑

1. 1. . Yang ↑

1. 1. . Liu ↑

1. 1. . Johnson ↑

1. 1. . Reciprocal Questioning (Request) ↑

1. 1. . Manzo ↑

1. 1. . Witrock ↑

1. 1. . Self-Awareness Skill ↑

1. 1. . Empathy Skill ↑

1. 1. . Effective Communication Skill ↑

1. 1. . Managing Anger Skill ↑

1. 1. . Effective Relationship Skill ↑

1. 1. . Assertive Behavior Skill ↑

1. 1. . Problem Silving Skill ↑

1. 1. . Managing Stress Skill ↑

1. 1. . Decision Making Skill ↑

1. 1. . Creative Thinking Skill ↑

1. 1. . Huitt ↑

1. 1. . فرهنگ معین ↑

1. 1. . Messages ↑

1. 1. . Exchange meaning ↑

1. 1. . Transmit messages ↑

1. 1. . sharing of experiences ↑

1. 1. . intrapersonal communication ↑

1. 1. . interpersonal communication ↑

1. 1. . Verbal communication ↑

1. 1. . Nonverbal communication ↑

1. 1. . Self- awareness ↑

1. 1. . Self- acceptance ↑

1. 1. . Self-expression ↑

1. 1. . Novaco ↑

1. 1. . Anger ↑

1. 1. . Gondolf ↑